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| 2017—2018年北京市海淀区流行性感冒监测数据病原学分析 |
| Etiological analysis of influenza surveillance data from Haidian District in Beijing from 2017 to 2018 |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2020.04.012 |
| 中文关键词: 流感 病原学监测 流感样病例 |
| 英文关键词: influenza etiological surveillance influenza-like illness |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 对2017年1月—2018年12月北京市海淀区流行性感冒（流感）监测数据进行分析，了解海淀区流感的流行情况和趋势，为海淀区流感防控工作提供科学依据。方法 采集北京市海淀区国家级流感监测哨点医院2017—2018年的流感样病例咽拭子标本，采用实时荧光定量PCR方法进行流感病毒核酸检测。结果 2017—2018年共采集1743例咽拭子标本，检出流感病毒核酸阳性样本262例，阳性检出率为15.03%；2017年与2018年流感病毒核酸阳性检出率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；男性流感病毒核酸阳性检出率高于女性（P＜0.05）；60岁及以上年龄组流感病毒核酸阳性检出率最高（P＜0.05）；冬、春季流感病毒核酸阳性检出率高于夏、秋季（P＜0.05）。结论 北京市海淀区在2017年与2018年流感流行强度较高，冬、春季为高峰季节，但2年流行的流感病毒优势株有所不同，老年病例流感病毒核酸阳性检出率最高，是流感防控重点人群，学校和托幼机构是聚集性疫情重点防控场所。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To analyze the influenza surveillance data from Haidian District in Beijing from January 2017 to December 2018, understand the activity and prevalence of influenza in Haidian District, and provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in Haidian District. Methods The throat swab specimens of influenza-like illness were collected from the National Influenza Surveillance Sentinel Hospital in Haidian District of Beijing from 2017 to 2018, and the nucleic acid test of influenza virus was performed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method. Results A total of 1743 swab specimens were collected from 2017 to 2018, and 262 of them were detected positive for influenza virus. The positive rate was 15.03%. No significant difference was found in nucleic acid positive rate of influenza virus between 2017 and 2018 (P＞0.05). The nucleic acid positive rate of influenza virus in males was higher than that in females (P＜0.05); the highest positive rate of influenza virus was found in the age group of 60 years old and over 60 years old (P＜0.05); and the highest nucleic acid test rate of influenza virus was found in winter and spring (P＜0.05). Conclusions Influenza is highly prevalent in Haidian District of Beijing during 2017 and 2018, especially in winter and spring. However the preponderant strains are different in 2 years. Due to the peak nucleic acid positive rate of influenza virus, the elderly are the key population for influenza prevention and control. Schools, nurseries and kindergartens are the key prevention and control sites for cluster epidemics. |
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