新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间医疗救治定点医院妇产科孕产妇心理状况调查

王新华; 曹　嫚; 岳彩虹; 许俊义; 刘丽英; 鲁　婷; 刘　存; 张　昕

文章摘要

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间医疗救治定点医院妇产科孕产妇心理状况调查

Investigation of maternal psychological state in obstetrics and gynecology department of designated hospital during COVID-19 epidemic period

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2020.05.016

中文关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎住院孕产妇心理状况干预措施

英文关键词: COVID-19 hospitalized pregnant women and lying-in women psychological state intervention measure

基金项目:2018年度军事医学创新工程（18CXZ038）

作者	单位
王新华	中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科
曹　嫚	中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科
岳彩虹	中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科
许俊义	中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科
刘丽英	中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心肝脏肿瘤放射治疗中心一科
鲁　婷	中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科
刘　存	中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科
张　昕	中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心护理部

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中文摘要:

目的　通过分析新型冠状病毒肺炎（新冠肺炎）救治定点医院的妇产科住院孕产妇心理状况，为其实施有针对性、个性化的干预措施提供依据，以调整其心理状态，避免发生新冠肺炎的院内感染，确保母婴安全。方法　选取2020年1月23日—2月17日在中国人民解放军总医院第五医学中心妇产科住院孕产妇（均为非新型冠状病毒感染者）41例为调查对象，自主设计心理状况的调查问卷，对其进行问卷调查。结果　41名被调查孕产妇的陪护人员中，丈夫占最大比例，为85.4%；照顾住院孕产妇或新生儿有经验的仅占24.4%；获取疫情相关信息和疾病知识来源主要为微信、网站和电视；对新冠肺炎疾病传染源、传播途径、临床症状等知识掌握程度非常了解的仅占7.3%；对预防和保护措施掌握程度非常了解的仅占4.9%；从医务人员处获取更多新冠肺炎相关知识需要程度的为100%；对新冠肺炎疫情非常关注的占100%。41例孕产妇中，对住院环境安全性不同程度担心者占97.6%，对诊疗环境不同程度担心者占95.1%；对自身健康受到威胁不同程度担心者占100%，对胎儿/新生儿健康受到威胁不同程度担心者占100%；对陪护照顾能力不同程度担心者占90.3%，对护士照顾能力不同程度担心者占85.3%；对产后自我康复管理能力不同程度担心者占87.8%，对新生儿管理能力不同程度担心者占95.1%。结论　新冠肺炎疫情流行期间，早期识别住院孕产妇心理状况，及时给予有针对性、个性化的干预措施具有重要意义。护理人员在疫情期间须要格外关注孕产妇这一重点人群的心理状况和需求。

英文摘要:

Objective　By analyzing the maternal psychological state in obstetrics and gynecology department of designated hospital during COVID-19 epidemic period, this study aims to provide basis for implementing targeted and individualized interventions in pregnant women and lying-in women, regulate maternal psychological state, avoid COVID-19 nosocomial infection and ensure maternal and infant safety. Methods　Forty-one pregnant women and lying-in women (COVID-19 non-infectors) who were hospitalized in obstetrics and gynecology department of Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 23 to February 17, 2020 were included in this study. They were investigated by using a self-designed questionnaire of psychological state. Results　Among the accompanying persons of 41 pregnant women surveyed, the husbands accounted for the highest proportion (85.4%). Only 24.4% of them had experience on caring for inpatients or newborns; The main sources of epidemic information and disease knowledge were from WeChat, Internet and TV. Only 7.3% of them had a good understanding of the source of infection, the route of transmission and clinical symptoms of COVID-19. Only 4.9% had a strong knowledge of prevention and protection measures. All of them (100%) need for more COVID-19 knowledge from medical personnel, and 100% were very concerned about COVID-19 epidermic. Among the included 41 pregnant women and lying-in women, 97.6% and 95.1% of cases showed varying degrees of worry about the hospitalization environment and treatment environment, respectively. All cases (100%) showed varying degrees of worry about both their health and fetal/neonatal health at potential risks; 90.3% and 85.3% of cases showed varying degrees of worry about the nursing abilities of caregivers and nurses, respectively; 87.8% and 95.1% of cases showed varying degrees of worry about their abilities of postpartum recovery and nursing infants, respectively. Conclusions　During the COVID-19 epidemic period, an early identification of maternal psychological state, and the timely, targeted, individualized interventions for hospitalized pregnant women and lying-in women have a great significance. Nurses need to pay special attentions to the maternal psychological condition and needs.

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