2020年广西岑溪市308例登革热患者临床特征分析

廖毓香; 梁柱石; 罗景贤

文章摘要

2020年广西岑溪市308例登革热患者临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics analysis of 308 patients with dengue fever in Cenxi City of Guangxi

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2021.05.012

中文关键词: 岑溪市登革热流行病学临床特征治疗预后

英文关键词: Cenxi City dengue fever epidemiology clinical feature treatment prognosis

基金项目:广西科学研究与技术开发计划（桂科攻1598012-37）

作者	单位
廖毓香	梧州市人民医院呼吸内科
梁柱石	梧州市第三人民医院感染科
罗景贤	岑溪市人民医院感染科

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中文摘要:

目的　分析广西岑溪市地区308例登革热患者的流行病学特征、临床表现、治疗及预后情况，为登革热的防治提供参考。方法　收集2020年9月1日—10月31日在岑溪市人民医院确诊的308例登革热患者临床信息，根据年龄，将308例患者分为老年组（≥60岁）与非老年组（＜60岁），收集患者人口学资料、流行病学资料、临床表现、实验室及影像学检查结果、治疗及预后情况，分析比较2组患者的流行病学特点。结果　登革热患者以中青年人群为主，主要临床症状包括发热、纳差、皮疹、肌肉酸痛、瘙痒。非老年组患者的皮疹、瘙痒症状发生率分别为81.51%、49.81%，均显著高于老年组（P均＜0.05）。老年组与非老年组病原学检测结果阳性率比较差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。老年组PLT及ALB降低的发生率分别为32.56%和81.40%，明显高于非老年组（P均＜0.05），2组患者的其他血液指标异常率比较差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。25 例患者胸部 CT或胸片有不同程度异常改变。结论　本次登革热暴发流行首起病例的传染源尚不明，发病人群以中青年为主，发热、纳差、皮疹、肌肉酸痛、瘙痒为其主要临床症状，目前对登革热的发病机制尚未完全明确，临床上尚无疫苗可有效预防登革热，预防登革热以切断传染源为主，而早诊断、早隔离、早治疗为治疗本病的关键举措。

英文摘要:

Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of 308 patients with dengue fever in Cenxi City of Guangxi, so as to provide references for the prevention and treatment of dengue fever. Methods　The clinical information of 308 patients diagnosed as dengue fever in Cenxi People’s Hospital from September 1 to October 31, 2020 was collected. The 308 patients were divided into elderly group (≥60 years old) and non-elderly group (＜60 years old) according to their age. The demographic data, epidemiological data, clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging examination results, treatment and prognosis of patients were collected, and the epidemiological characteristics of patients in the 2 groups were analyzed and compared. Results　The dengue fever was prevalent in the middle-aged and young people. The main clinical symptoms of dengue fever included fever, anorexia, rash, muscular soreness and pruritus. The incidences of rash and pruritus symptoms in non-elderly group were 81.51% and 49.81%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in elderly group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of etiological detection results between the elderly group and the non-elderly group (P＞0.05). The incidences of reduced PLT and ALB in the elderly group were 32.56% and 81.40%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in the abnormal rates of other blood indicators between the 2 groups (P＞0.05). Chest CT or chest radiograph of 25 patients showed different degrees of abnormal changes. Conclusions　The infection source for the first cases in dengue fever outbreak remains unclear. The majority of the patients were young and middle-aged. The main clinical symptoms include fever, anorexia, rash, muscular soreness and pruritus. At present, the pathogenesis of dengue fever is not completely clear. There is no effective vaccine in clinical practice to prevent dengue fever. The prevention measure of dengue fever is mainly the cut-off the infection source. Early diagnosis, early isolation and early treatment are the key measures to treat this disease.

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