| Objective To analyze flora characteristics of respiratory tract infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and respiratory tract infection admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were enrolled as infection group, and another 121 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and without respiratory tract infection were collected as non-infection group. The sputum samples of patients in infection group were collected for separation, culture and identification. The etiological characteristics were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the influencing factors and intervention measures of respiratory tract infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Results A total of 143 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated in the infection group, including 88 strains of Gram-negative bacteria, 33 strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 22 strains of fungi. The proportion of age≥70 years, types of antibacterial drugs＞2, days of antibiotics use＞7, hospital stay length＞15 days and treatment-na?ve patients in the infection group was significantly higher than that of non-infection group (P＜0.05). The age, hospital stay length, types of antibacterial drugs, days of antibiotics use and initial treatment and retreatment results were independent risk factors affecting respiratory tract infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (P＜0.05). Conclusions The respiratory tract infection in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is mainly related to factors such as age, hospital stay length, types of antibacterial drugs, days of antibiotics use, initial treatment and retreatment results. The pathogenic bacteria are dominated by Gram-negative bacteria. |