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| 新型冠状病毒的实验室生物风险评估与风险控制 |
| Biological risk assessment and control of novel coronavirus in laboratories |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1007-8134.2020.01.020 |
| 中文关键词: 新型冠状病毒 接触 气溶胶 生物安全 风险评估 控制 |
| 英文关键词: novel coronavirus contact aerosol biosafety risk assessment control |
| 基金项目:国家“十三五”科技重大专项（2017ZX10302201） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 湖北武汉暴发的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情形势严峻，随着疫情的发展，在全国多地和境外蔓延。依据目前掌握的新型冠状病毒肺炎的病原学特点、流行病学特征、临床表现等信息，多个实验室已经开展新型冠状病毒的常规检测和核酸检测。为保障实验室环境和人员的生物安全，针对检测前、中、后的工作流程以及实验室检测涉及的多要素、多环节，对标本、人员、试验流程、检测设备、废弃物处理和意外事件等进行风险评估，识别存在的风险因子，并采取针对性预防措施，最大限度降低新型冠状病毒在医疗卫生机构内的传播风险，规范和指导生物安全实验室操作技术及个人防护，更好地保障医疗安全和质量，对下一步疫情防控具有重大意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia that broke out in Wuhan remains challenging and grim. It is spreading to several regions at home and abroad. On the basis of information currently available about the etiological characteristics, epidemiological patterns and clinical manifestations of novel coronavirus pneumonia, a number of laboratories have embarked on the routine detection and nucleic acid detection of the novel coronavirus. In order to ensure the biosafety of the environment and personnel in laboratories, the following measures are required: to assess the risks related to the specimens, personnel, process of experimentation, testing facilities, waste disposal and accidents with priorities to the work flow before, during and after detection, as well as multiple elements and links related to laboratory detection; to identify risk factors; and to take necessary precautions. These measures contribute to minimize the risk of the spread of novel coronavirus within health care institutions; standardize and guide the operations and personal protection in biologically safe laboratories and make more effort to ensure the safety and quality of health care. All these measures will be critical to subsequent prevention and control of the epidemic. |
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